Evidence

Overall evidence across research and clinical pilots

A machine-learning and clinical evidence view of BreastScreening-AI across model development, human-AI design, controlled evaluation and exploratory clinical integration. Measured findings are separated from scale-up estimates.

Curated OutputsStudy ParticipationsHospitals EngagedResearch Timeline

Research portfolio

Project-Related Evidence

The portfolio combines scholarly outputs, protected intellectual property, human-AI studies and hospital engagement. Study participations may overlap across publications and are not presented as unique clinicians.

14

Curated outputs

Four journal articles, five conference papers, one scientific exhibit, two theses and two patent families.

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12

Scholarly outputs

Peer-reviewed papers, scientific exhibit and academic theses connected to the project's research lineage.

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135

Study participations

Reported participation across human-centred, adoption, clinician-AI and exploratory pilot studies. Cohorts may overlap.

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25+

Hospitals engaged

Internal business-development traction across hospital conversations, research engagement and collaboration activity; not 25 clinical validation sites.

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Evidence layers

One programme, several forms of validation

The Evidence page now focuses on how the research components fit together. Detailed performance figures remain on the Platform, Workflow, Publications and Voucher pages where their study context is easier to preserve.

Model evidence

Multimodal fusion, weak supervision, lesion detection and external validation establish the technical research foundation.

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Human-AI evidence

Interaction, adoption, explanation and personalization studies examine how clinicians understand and use AI assistance.

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Clinical integration evidence

Exploratory activities investigate workflow integration, usability, structured reporting and evidence-generation readiness.

Startup Voucher Report

ML validation journey

Model and design evidence developed together

The assumed timeline maps published work to five validation tracks: interface design, human factors, clinical evaluation, model validation and clinical integration. It is a synthesis of the research record, not a formal regulatory development chronology.

2017-2021

Foundational multimodality research

Early work established the human-centred, multimodal and intelligent-agent foundations for breast imaging decision support.

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2022

Controlled clinician-AI evaluation

A peer-reviewed study involved 45 clinicians from nine institutions and reported differences in errors, task time and clinician response.

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2023

Personalized AI communication

A CHI study evaluated assertiveness-based communication and reported faster mean task completion with a statistically significant result.

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2025-2026

Clinical integration activities

Hospital da Luz and CHTMAD activities examined integration, usability, triage support and structured clinical reporting in relevant environments.

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01

Define

Intended users, modalities, decision points, endpoints and failure modes.

02

Develop

Model, fusion, interaction and explanation components with versioned data.

03

Verify

Technical performance, calibration, robustness, subgroup and error analysis.

04

Validate

Clinician comparison, usability, workflow and prospective clinical endpoints.

05

Monitor

Drift, overrides, safety signals, equity and post-deployment performance.

Validation priorities

Turn the research portfolio into decision-grade evidence

The next evidence phase should focus less on extrapolation and more on prospective, reproducible and institution-specific validation.

Lock intended use

Define target users, modalities, patient populations, outputs and clinical decision points.

Freeze evaluation plans

Prespecify endpoints, denominators, subgroup analyses, missing-data rules and statistical tests.

Validate externally

Test across independent hospitals, scanner vendors, populations and workflow conditions.

Measure workflow

Capture reading time, overrides, recalls, follow-up, workload and integration reliability.

Build economic evidence

Use observed local outcomes, costs and implementation resources rather than headline extrapolations.

Monitor continuously

Plan drift, safety, equity, cybersecurity and post-deployment performance surveillance.

Startup Voucher clinical activities

The Voucher report documents the operation, technology-readiness context, Hospital da Luz exploratory results, CHTMAD fieldwork and specialist support. It provides the project-level context behind the newest evidence shown here.

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TRL 5Project-level position

Progressing toward TRL 6 based on integration and usability activities. This is not an external certification, regulatory authorization or clinical deployment approval.

Evidence boundaries

What remains to be demonstrated

A credible evidence strategy must make the gaps as visible as the positive results.

Prospective performance

Larger, prespecified and prospective multicentre studies are needed to test diagnostic performance in intended-use populations.

Patient outcomes

The available studies do not yet demonstrate reduced interval cancer, morbidity, mortality or unnecessary procedures.

Generalizability

Performance requires validation across sites, modalities, scanner vendors, demographics and clinically relevant subgroups.

Workflow value

Reading time, recall, throughput and workload effects need local baseline measurement and prospective comparison.

Health economics

Cost-effectiveness, budget impact and realized return on investment have not yet been established.

Regulatory readiness

Intended use, risk management, quality systems, cybersecurity and post-market monitoring require formal development.

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See the Startup Voucher operation for detailed pilot context, activities, limitations and supporting results.

Startup Voucher Report Explore publications